At age 60, rural women and men had 2.2 and 3.1 fewer expected years in good cognitive health, respectively, than their urban counterparts.At age 60, rural women and men had 2.2 and 3.1 fewer expected years in good cognitive health, respectively, than their urban counterparts. An observational analysis of older women and men in India estimated remaining years of good…
In mice given altered blood-forming cells, cancer-promoting signals and immune defenses jointly shaped whether those cells were cleared.In mice given altered blood-forming cells, cancer-promoting signals and immune defenses jointly shaped whether those cells were cleared. In an animal experiment, researchers transplanted blood-forming cells carrying…
In patients with cancer, the survival model’s highest-risk quarter had more than triple the relative mortality risk of the lowest-risk quarter.In patients with cancer, the survival model’s highest-risk quarter had more than triple the relative mortality risk of the lowest-risk quarter.
An observational study of 17,708 adults aged 40 or older linked worsening frailty to higher disease risks and improved frailty to lower risks.An observational study of 17,708 adults aged 40 or older linked worsening frailty to higher disease risks and improved frailty to lower risks.
A material injected into the scrotum stuck to tissue around the testes, sustaining local hydrogen delivery and promoting sperm production in aged mice.A material injected into the scrotum stuck to tissue around the testes, sustaining local hydrogen delivery and promoting sperm production in aged mice. The formulation combined tiny silicon sheets with an adhesive polymer.
Patients reached the healthy comparison group’s median level on a blood-based measure of thymus output about six years earlier.Patients reached the healthy comparison group’s median level on a blood-based measure of thymus output about six years earlier. An observational study in China compared 562 people with familial hypercholesterolemia, an inherited…
In human skin cell experiments, melatonin reduced the share of cells testing positive for a senescence marker by 38.5%–41.6%.In human skin cell experiments, melatonin reduced the share of cells testing positive for a senescence marker by 38.5%–41.6%. They studied senescence caused by repeated cell division, irradiation or exposure to the drug…
The hazard ratio for death—a comparison of death rates over time—was 0.66 for personalized versus general advice, with no clear difference.The hazard ratio for death—a comparison of death rates over time—was 0.66 for personalized versus general advice, with no clear difference.
Each additional unit of body mass index was associated with a 4 to 5 percent higher frailty index, on average, in genetic analyses.Each additional unit of body mass index was associated with a 4 to 5 percent higher frailty index, on average, in genetic analyses. US adults in the Health and Retirement Study were the focus of an observational study of excess…
Long-term delivery of a protein-activating compound improved disc structure and lowered degeneration scores in 24-month-old mice.Long-term delivery of a protein-activating compound improved disc structure and lowered degeneration scores in 24-month-old mice. In an animal experiment, 24-month-old mice received MDL-800, a compound that activates SIRT6, a…
Estimated healthy working life at 50 was 11.87 years in robust adults, 7.34 in pre-frail adults and 3.77 in frail adults.Estimated healthy working life at 50 was 11.87 years in robust adults, 7.34 in pre-frail adults and 3.77 in frail adults. An observational study followed 180,314 adults aged 50 or older in five health and retirement cohorts across…
Experiments in worms found that disabling the pathway strengthened a response to protein stress and improved survival under that stress.Experiments in worms found that disabling the pathway strengthened a response to protein stress and improved survival under that stress. Researchers experimented with Caenorhabditis elegans worms carrying mutations that disabled…
One brain network shifted upward relative to nine others by 5–8% per five years, during rest and three tasks.One brain network shifted upward relative to nine others by 5–8% per five years, during rest and three tasks. An observational study followed 852 adults aged 36–89 at baseline using repeated functional magnetic resonance imaging…
An observational study using 10 DNA-based aging measures in two cohorts of people with type 1 diabetes linked several measures to kidney disease and its progression.An observational study using 10 DNA-based aging measures in two cohorts of people with type 1 diabetes linked several measures to kidney disease and its progression.
A randomized trial in people with type 2 diabetes found that exercise reduced buildup of the enzyme and improved the body’s response to insulin.A randomized trial in people with type 2 diabetes found that exercise reduced buildup of the enzyme and improved the body’s response to insulin.
An experiment in mice aged 4–30 months found that excess enzyme in neurons accelerated changes in nearby support cells, blood vessels and inflammation.An experiment in mice aged 4–30 months found that excess enzyme in neurons accelerated changes in nearby support cells, blood vessels and inflammation.
Laboratory experiments found lower levels of two proteins at chromosome attachment sites in older mouse egg cells, alongside changes in the fibers that move chromosomes.Laboratory experiments found lower levels of two proteins at chromosome attachment sites in older mouse egg cells, alongside changes in the fibers that move chromosomes.
In US participants, formal volunteering and informal helping for 1–99 hours a year were associated with slower aging on several DNA-based measures.In US participants, formal volunteering and informal helping for 1–99 hours a year were associated with slower aging on several DNA-based measures.
Across six US cohorts, current smoking was linked to late-onset epilepsy with a hazard ratio—a comparison of new-case rates—of 1.39.Across six US cohorts, current smoking was linked to late-onset epilepsy with a hazard ratio—a comparison of new-case rates—of 1.39. An observational analysis pooled six US cohorts involving 42,257 adults whose average age was…
A randomized trial sub-study in 15 older adults with macular degeneration found no significant differences in individual genes, but tentative inflammation-related…A randomized trial sub-study in 15 older adults with macular degeneration found no significant differences in individual genes, but tentative inflammation-related signals.
Under high emissions, the model projected 62.4 temperature-linked cardiovascular deaths per 100,000 people by late-century, compared with 31.4 at baseline.Under high emissions, the model projected 62.4 temperature-linked cardiovascular deaths per 100,000 people by late-century, compared with 31.4 at baseline.
Estimated healthy working years from age 50 were 16.06 for women in agriculture, versus 20.78 for self-employed women or those in family businesses.Estimated healthy working years from age 50 were 16.06 for women in agriculture, versus 20.78 for self-employed women or those in family businesses.
In an infection experiment, rhesus macaques aged 17–23 with protective immune gene variants had lower blood virus levels through 70 days than those without.In an infection experiment, rhesus macaques aged 17–23 with protective immune gene variants had lower blood virus levels through 70 days than those without.
Persistent or rising midlife activity was associated with 80% and 79% lower odds of pre-frailty or frailty, respectively, than persistent inactivity after 22 years.Persistent or rising midlife activity was associated with 80% and 79% lower odds of pre-frailty or frailty, respectively, than persistent inactivity after 22 years.
In an independent cohort, an outline-overlap score rose from 0.11 without adaptation to 0.61 after further training with four labeled subjects.In an independent cohort, an outline-overlap score rose from 0.11 without adaptation to 0.61 after further training with four labeled subjects.
At one year, patients with delirium had disability scores 4.6 points higher than those without delirium, after researchers accounted for other factors.At one year, patients with delirium had disability scores 4.6 points higher than those without delirium, after researchers accounted for other factors.
Who was studied1,899 adult surgical patients, 1 year, against patients without delirium
What changedAt one year, patients with delirium had disability scores 4.6 points higher than those without delirium, after accounting for other factors
The catchFunctional assessments excluded 81 patients who died and 462 who did not respond
In worm experiments, reducing collagen gene activity in reproductive support tissues damaged those tissues, worsened egg and embryo shape, and accelerated reproductive…In worm experiments, reducing collagen gene activity in reproductive support tissues damaged those tissues, worsened egg and embryo shape, and accelerated reproductive decline.
An experiment in diabetic rats found that dapagliflozin reduced kidney dysfunction and scarring alongside less iron-dependent cell death.An experiment in diabetic rats found that dapagliflozin reduced kidney dysfunction and scarring alongside less iron-dependent cell death. In a diabetic rat model, researchers tested dapagliflozin in an animal experiment focused on…
A Taiwanese observational study found urinary tract infection rates of 23.84 versus 27.88 per 1,000 person-years for two diabetes drug classes.A Taiwanese observational study found urinary tract infection rates of 23.84 versus 27.88 per 1,000 person-years for two diabetes drug classes.
Simulations yielded hazard ratios (relative event rates) versus placebo of 0.77 for high genetic risk and 0.95 for low risk, despite no true response difference.Simulations yielded hazard ratios (relative event rates) versus placebo of 0.77 for high genetic risk and 0.95 for low risk, despite no true response difference.
The share of deceased people with at least three chronic conditions rose from 8% in 2012 to 15% in 2019.The share of deceased people with at least three chronic conditions rose from 8% in 2012 to 15% in 2019. An observational study examined reported illnesses before death among 5,892 deceased individuals in rural northeast South…
Experiments examined how raising Glis1, a protein that controls gene activity, affected aging-related cell dysfunction after spinal cord injury.Experiments examined how raising Glis1, a protein that controls gene activity, affected aging-related cell dysfunction after spinal cord injury. They focused on senescence, an aging-related state of lasting cell dysfunction.
A lifelong restrictive lung pattern was associated with 2.5 times the odds of medically confirmed sleep apnea compared with a normal pattern.A lifelong restrictive lung pattern was associated with 2.5 times the odds of medically confirmed sleep apnea compared with a normal pattern.
