In a 40-week randomized trial of 40 older adults with insulin resistance, metformin preserved regional brain glucose uptake, volume and coordination between brain…In a 40-week randomized trial of 40 older adults with insulin resistance, metformin preserved regional brain glucose uptake, volume and coordination between brain regions.
Who was studied40 older adults with insulin resistance, 40 weeks, against placebo
What changedMetformin preserved regional brain volume and coordination between brain regions compared with placebo in older adults with insulin resistance
The catchThe brain-preservation finding comes from only 40 older adults
Among 3,487 Danes with hospital-diagnosed essential tremor, death rates were higher than in matched controls, with a hazard ratio of 1.37.Among 3,487 Danes with hospital-diagnosed essential tremor, death rates were higher than in matched controls, with a hazard ratio of 1.37. An observational study analyzed three Danish cohorts: 3,487 people with hospital-diagnosed…
Median lifespan ranged from 14 years in small dogs to less than 10 years in giant dogs from American Kennel Club-recognized breeds.Median lifespan ranged from 14 years in small dogs to less than 10 years in giant dogs from American Kennel Club-recognized breeds. Researchers analyzed 41,047 companion dogs in the Dog Aging Project, a prospective cohort study…
The model’s predictions differed from actual ages by 5.89 years on average, and by 5.41 years in an independent validation group.The model’s predictions differed from actual ages by 5.89 years on average, and by 5.41 years in an independent validation group. In participants from four study cohorts, researchers trained and evaluated a brain-age model using…
An experiment in young and aged virgin mice isolated uterine effects from ovarian and embryonic factors and found reduced tissue growth in older animals.An experiment in young and aged virgin mice isolated uterine effects from ovarian and embryonic factors and found reduced tissue growth in older animals.
Higher diet scores were associated with 4.17 years slower aging on a DNA-based measure in 1,711 participants and 3.77 years in 2,311 others.Higher diet scores were associated with 4.17 years slower aging on a DNA-based measure in 1,711 participants and 3.77 years in 2,311 others.
Experiments in adult flies traced how machinery associated with stem cells became active again with age, undermining mature gut cells’ specialized identity.Experiments in adult flies traced how machinery associated with stem cells became active again with age, undermining mature gut cells’ specialized identity.
At 10 weeks, adjusted physical performance scores averaged 9.62 in the program group versus 7.80 in the control group.At 10 weeks, adjusted physical performance scores averaged 9.62 in the program group versus 7.80 in the control group. In a non-randomized controlled evaluation, 184 community-dwelling adults aged 65 or older joined an exercise…
In two matched groups of 994 adults, semaglutide was linked to hazard ratios of 0.20 for death and 0.47 for major heart events against unexposed patients.In two matched groups of 994 adults, semaglutide was linked to hazard ratios of 0.20 for death and 0.47 for major heart events against unexposed patients.
Deaths by 12 months reached 80.6% among people aged 100 or older, compared with 30.1% among those aged 65–99 in a retrospective cohort.Deaths by 12 months reached 80.6% among people aged 100 or older, compared with 30.1% among those aged 65–99 in a retrospective cohort. Researchers examined deaths within 30 days and 12 months, along with factors associated with…
Aged rats had 33% lower levels of the water-channel protein aquaporin-4 than young adult rats, alongside reduced muscle strength.Aged rats had 33% lower levels of the water-channel protein aquaporin-4 than young adult rats, alongside reduced muscle strength. Researchers compared skeletal muscle from nine young adult rats aged 25 weeks and eight aged rats…
Over four to five years, disability risk ranged from 4.6% in the lowest frailty group to 19.8% in the highest in the US cohort.Over four to five years, disability risk ranged from 4.6% in the lowest frailty group to 19.8% in the highest in the US cohort. An observational analysis pooled four studies of 19,324 adults aged 50 or older who initially had no…
Estimated mean onset was 83.86 years in Black participants versus 71.38 years in White participants in an observational US cohort.Estimated mean onset was 83.86 years in Black participants versus 71.38 years in White participants in an observational US cohort. Their mean age was 69; 59.3% were female.
Cognitive test scores improved by 2.3 points more with the six-month video-based exercise and nutrition program than with usual health promotion services.Cognitive test scores improved by 2.3 points more with the six-month video-based exercise and nutrition program than with usual health promotion services.
Obesity with weak grip was linked to 3.14 times the odds of multiple heart and metabolic conditions compared with neither feature.Obesity with weak grip was linked to 3.14 times the odds of multiple heart and metabolic conditions compared with neither feature. The cross-sectional observational analysis included 46,563 Indian adults aged 50 or older from the…
Experiments in fruit flies identified pileup, a molecule involved in microbial defense, as a regulator of aging gut-cell removal.Experiments in fruit flies identified pileup, a molecule involved in microbial defense, as a regulator of aging gut-cell removal. In experiments in Drosophila fruit flies, researchers studied how the gut shed aging enterocytes…
In a 12-week experiment in male mice, restricting daily eating times was linked to preserved lean mass and muscle insulin responsiveness in midlife.In a 12-week experiment in male mice, restricting daily eating times was linked to preserved lean mass and muscle insulin responsiveness in midlife.
Antibodies that block virus-fighting proteins occurred in 5.4% of 938 centenarians, compared with more than 6% of people over 80 in the general population.Antibodies that block virus-fighting proteins occurred in 5.4% of 938 centenarians, compared with more than 6% of people over 80 in the general population.
An 18-month randomized trial of 482 adults aged 60–82 found the largest gains with a combined exercise program that included mental tasks.An 18-month randomized trial of 482 adults aged 60–82 found the largest gains with a combined exercise program that included mental tasks. Researchers assigned participants to Nordic walking, or walking with poles; water aerobics…
Among 42,987 adults in Japan aged 65 or older followed from 2019 to 2022, the share developing oral frailty ranged from 17.1% to 33.3% across municipalities.Among 42,987 adults in Japan aged 65 or older followed from 2019 to 2022, the share developing oral frailty ranged from 17.1% to 33.3% across municipalities.
Experiments in genetically altered mice linked a shortage of the protein to abnormal nerve insulation and delayed responses to sound.Experiments in genetically altered mice linked a shortage of the protein to abnormal nerve insulation and delayed responses to sound. In an animal experiment, mice with one disabled copy of Cntn2, the gene for the nerve protein…
After 12 weeks, the turning-practice group completed a mobility test 1.79 seconds faster than the conventional-exercise group, after accounting for starting scores.After 12 weeks, the turning-practice group completed a mobility test 1.79 seconds faster than the conventional-exercise group, after accounting for starting scores.
Lens thickening during drug-triggered focusing increased by 0.24 millimeters compared with before injection, and the increased anatomical response lasted up to 16 months.Lens thickening during drug-triggered focusing increased by 0.24 millimeters compared with before injection, and the increased anatomical response lasted up to 16 months.
Each additional 10 heatwave days was linked to a steeper age-related decline in cognitive scores, by 0.020 standard deviations per decade.Each additional 10 heatwave days was linked to a steeper age-related decline in cognitive scores, by 0.020 standard deviations per decade. An observational cohort analysis covered 13,741 Chinese adults aged 45 and older across…
Liver disease hazard ratios were 1.19 for the highest versus lowest third of lactate and 1.29 for the glucose-lactate index.Liver disease hazard ratios were 1.19 for the highest versus lowest third of lactate and 1.29 for the glucose-lactate index. In a prospective observational study, researchers followed 175,612 UK Biobank participants to examine…
VisionFM averaged 0.950 on a measure of distinguishing disease from no disease, outperforming comparison models across eight disease categories and five imaging methods.VisionFM averaged 0.950 on a measure of distinguishing disease from no disease, outperforming comparison models across eight disease categories and five imaging methods.
Orforglipron at 17.2 mg daily was associated with 13.5% average weight loss over 72 weeks, versus 0.3% with placebo.Orforglipron at 17.2 mg daily was associated with 13.5% average weight loss over 72 weeks, versus 0.3% with placebo. The analysis included 260 adults without diabetes who had a body mass index—a measure of weight relative to…
In rats with puncture-damaged spinal discs, a gel targeting cells that had stopped dividing preserved imaging signals and reduced inflammatory immune-cell infiltration.In rats with puncture-damaged spinal discs, a gel targeting cells that had stopped dividing preserved imaging signals and reduced inflammatory immune-cell infiltration.
The weighted share with at least two chronic conditions was 36%, ranging from 6.6% in rural The Gambia to 62.0% in urban South Africa.The weighted share with at least two chronic conditions was 36%, ranging from 6.6% in rural The Gambia to 62.0% in urban South Africa. Researchers studied 5,296 adults aged 40 or older in The Gambia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.
Damaraland mole-rats developed no tumors over more than three years, while their immune response to cancer-causing chemicals differed from that of naked mole-rats.Damaraland mole-rats developed no tumors over more than three years, while their immune response to cancer-causing chemicals differed from that of naked mole-rats.
In a crossover trial, 15 adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease took empagliflozin or placebo for 14 days each. Their median age was 43.In a crossover trial, 15 adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease took empagliflozin or placebo for 14 days each. Their median age was 43.
A Canadian cohort compared 4,997 older adults starting one diabetes drug class with 1,289 starting another, but some harm estimates remained imprecise.A Canadian cohort compared 4,997 older adults starting one diabetes drug class with 1,289 starting another, but some harm estimates remained imprecise.
Medical delays were associated with 3.573 times the odds of death at 30 days and 2.144 times the odds at one year.Medical delays were associated with 3.573 times the odds of death at 30 days and 2.144 times the odds at one year. An observational cohort study examined 1,769 people over 60 with fragility hip fractures at one center in England.
Bloodstream delivery in aged Alzheimer's-model mice also reduced amyloid deposits and abnormal changes to tau protein, and improved cognition.Bloodstream delivery in aged Alzheimer's-model mice also reduced amyloid deposits and abnormal changes to tau protein, and improved cognition.
Muscle protein production rose 216% from baseline with 20 grams of corn protein, versus 77% with a low-energy placebo without protein.Muscle protein production rose 216% from baseline with 20 grams of corn protein, versus 77% with a low-energy placebo without protein. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial studied 48 healthy older adults whose…
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