Cortical neurons gain mutations at similar yearly rates across six species, leaving aged humans with uniquely high mutational burdens and…Cortical neurons gain mutations at similar yearly rates across six species, leaving aged humans with uniquely high mutational burdens and transcriptomic dysregulation. In a preprint analyzing humans, chimpanzees, rhesus macaques, marmosets, ferrets, and mice, researchers evaluated genomic…
The senolytic combination improved liver fibrosis without disease worsening in nearly half of treated participants while lowering cellular senescence…The senolytic combination improved liver fibrosis without disease worsening in nearly half of treated participants while lowering cellular senescence markers. In a phase-2 randomized controlled trial, 31 human participants with fibrotic metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis…
The peptide also boosted maturation and fertilization in aged human oocytes by activating the vitamin B6 and VEGF pathway.The peptide also boosted maturation and fertilization in aged human oocytes by activating the vitamin B6 and VEGF pathway. In female mice experiencing reproductive aging, administration of the peptide elamipretide increased litter size and ameliorated age-related declines in oocyte…
In a preprint analyzing over 730,000 adults, researchers linked clonal hematopoiesis to faster physical decline mediated by T-cell changes.In a preprint analyzing over 730,000 adults, researchers linked clonal hematopoiesis to faster physical decline mediated by T-cell changes. In a new preprint, researchers examined 730,088 human participants from the UK Biobank, All of Us, BioVU, and the Women's Health Initiative to study…
A genome-scale screen in retinal cells identified NKX2-5 variants that conferred oxidative resilience and improved physical function without…A genome-scale screen in retinal cells identified NKX2-5 variants that conferred oxidative resilience and improved physical function without detectable toxicity. In a new preprint, researchers tested retinal pigment epithelium cells and aging mice to discover genes that confer resistance…
Shear wave elastography and transcriptomic profiling show that ovarian fibrosis correlates with reduced oocyte yield and follicular efficiency.Shear wave elastography and transcriptomic profiling show that ovarian fibrosis correlates with reduced oocyte yield and follicular efficiency. In a preprint study of human women, researchers analyzed how ovarian fibrosis changes with age by combining shear wave elastography, extracellular…
Inhibiting NFAT restored myoblast differentiation in culture and improved myofiber repair in injured mice.Inhibiting NFAT restored myoblast differentiation in culture and improved myofiber repair in injured mice. In experiments using cultured myoblasts, mice, and human tissues, researchers investigated how calcium overload hinders skeletal muscle regeneration.
Cell counts explain less variation in age acceleration and only modestly affect its links to mortality and 176 incident health outcomes.Cell counts explain less variation in age acceleration and only modestly affect its links to mortality and 176 incident health outcomes. In a human study analyzing 4,058 samples, researchers evaluated how blood cell composition influences DNA methylation age and age acceleration across six…
Single-cell and spatial profiling revealed expanded fibroblasts and localized hubs of inflammation driven by tumor necrosis factor and transforming…Single-cell and spatial profiling revealed expanded fibroblasts and localized hubs of inflammation driven by tumor necrosis factor and transforming growth factor-beta signaling.
Genomic analysis of Acropora palmata colonies reveals power-law mutation patterns mirroring human tissue aging and enables somatic genetic age…Genomic analysis of Acropora palmata colonies reveals power-law mutation patterns mirroring human tissue aging and enables somatic genetic age estimation. In the reef-building coral Acropora palmata, researchers tracked somatic genetic variation to understand how mutations accumulate…
A large genomic analysis reveals over 800 inherited variants and structural features that alter how frequently chromosomes missegregate in aging…A large genomic analysis reveals over 800 inherited variants and structural features that alter how frequently chromosomes missegregate in aging individuals. In a preprint analyzing blood whole-genome sequencing from 840,853 humans, researchers investigated how inherited genetics shapes…
Reducing dietary cysteine independently of methionine enhanced survival in nematodes and reprogrammed the immunometabolic axis in mice.Reducing dietary cysteine independently of methionine enhanced survival in nematodes and reprogrammed the immunometabolic axis in mice. In Caenorhabditis elegans and mice, researchers investigated whether reducing cysteine instead of methionine drives the longevity benefits associated with…
The microRNA inhibitor also improved cardiac outcomes after infarction and reduced pathology in mouse and pig models of muscular dystrophy.The microRNA inhibitor also improved cardiac outcomes after infarction and reduced pathology in mouse and pig models of muscular dystrophy. In aged mice, inhibiting the microRNA miR-128-3p with antisense oligonucleotides restored muscle mass and function, according to a recent preprint.
The new blood-based tools estimate senescence gene activity to predict incident diseases, all-cause mortality, and clinical treatment responses.The new blood-based tools estimate senescence gene activity to predict incident diseases, all-cause mortality, and clinical treatment responses. In a preprint analyzing 18,859 human participants from the Generation Scotland cohort, researchers evaluated Methylation-associated Gene…
Profiling conditioned media revealed that altered sphingolipid signaling reduces muscle stem cell pools in human cell cultures.Profiling conditioned media revealed that altered sphingolipid signaling reduces muscle stem cell pools in human cell cultures. In cell culture experiments using primary muscle cells from young (15–25 years) and aged (60–86 years) human donors, researchers evaluated how aging alters the…
Declining levels of the chromatin organizer SATB1 disrupt genomic boundaries and drive inflammatory gene activation in naive CD4+ T cells.Declining levels of the chromatin organizer SATB1 disrupt genomic boundaries and drive inflammatory gene activation in naive CD4+ T cells. In mice, aging alters the three-dimensional genome organization and transcriptional programs of naive CD4+ T cells.
Separating white and gray matter brain age highlights early cardiometabolic risks and divergent links to amyloid and tau pathology.Separating white and gray matter brain age highlights early cardiometabolic risks and divergent links to amyloid and tau pathology. In a preprint analyzing 26,446 UK Biobank and 992 ADNI human participants, researchers developed a framework to evaluate gray and white matter brain age…
In an older Scottish cohort, epigenetic age and brain volume outmatched plasma proteomic organ clocks for predicting long-term all-cause mortality.In an older Scottish cohort, epigenetic age and brain volume outmatched plasma proteomic organ clocks for predicting long-term all-cause mortality. Researchers evaluated 861 older human participants from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 to benchmark plasma proteomic organ clocks against other…
Ferroptosis-inducing compounds shortened fly lifespan in a diet-dependent manner, while antioxidant treatment restored longevity and reversed…Ferroptosis-inducing compounds shortened fly lifespan in a diet-dependent manner, while antioxidant treatment restored longevity and reversed iron-related changes in males. In fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), researchers examined how chemical triggers of ferroptosis alter survival…
Lysosomal multi-omics shows altered sphingolipid breakdown leads to glycosphingolipid buildup and lysosome enlargement, especially in aging microglia.Lysosomal multi-omics shows altered sphingolipid breakdown leads to glycosphingolipid buildup and lysosome enlargement, especially in aging microglia. In mice aged 3 to 24 months, researchers tracked longitudinal changes in the lipidome and proteome of lysosomal fractions from the cerebral…
A 12-month randomized trial showed greater drops in epicardial adipose volume with more weekly sessions alongside lower circulating M-CSF levels.A 12-month randomized trial showed greater drops in epicardial adipose volume with more weekly sessions alongside lower circulating M-CSF levels. A randomized controlled trial evaluated 156 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and older to determine the effects of a 12-month structured…
Overexpressing the noncoding RNA restored bone healing in mice, separating impaired osteogenesis from the onset of cellular senescence.Overexpressing the noncoding RNA restored bone healing in mice, separating impaired osteogenesis from the onset of cellular senescence. In mouse cells and animal models, researchers investigated how oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species impair osteoblast differentiation.
Blocking the prostaglandin E2 pathway or targeting cellular senescence reduces uterine scarring and improves tissue repair in mouse models of cesarean…Blocking the prostaglandin E2 pathway or targeting cellular senescence reduces uterine scarring and improves tissue repair in mouse models of cesarean defects. In a new mouse model of cesarean section scar defects, researchers investigated the mechanisms that disrupt uterine healing.
Researchers linked poor auditory nerve synchrony and myelin degradation to amplified communication difficulties in older humans, beyond standard…Researchers linked poor auditory nerve synchrony and myelin degradation to amplified communication difficulties in older humans, beyond standard hearing thresholds. In a human study detailed in a preprint, researchers investigated how auditory nerve changes affect hearing in older adults.
Reversible oxidation of a single cysteine residue enables core autophagosome formation and prevents severe tissue pathology during nutrient limitation…Reversible oxidation of a single cysteine residue enables core autophagosome formation and prevents severe tissue pathology during nutrient limitation in mice. In human cells and mice, researchers investigated how dietary restriction directs cellular adaptation through reactive oxygen…
In cells expressing progerin, the nucleolus sequesters released lamina-associated domains to preserve gene repression and prevent worsening DNA…In cells expressing progerin, the nucleolus sequesters released lamina-associated domains to preserve gene repression and prevent worsening DNA damage. In cultured cells expressing Progerin, researchers investigated how nucleolar remodeling responds to lamina dysfunction.
Melanin protects against mitochondrial genome damage and clonal expansion in chronically sun-exposed human skin.Melanin protects against mitochondrial genome damage and clonal expansion in chronically sun-exposed human skin. In an observational study of six older men, researchers analyzed how skin pigmentation influences mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) stability under chronic sun exposure.
Delivering miR-193b-3p improved muscle repair in injured mice and targeted a protein elevated in sarcopenic human tissue.Delivering miR-193b-3p improved muscle repair in injured mice and targeted a protein elevated in sarcopenic human tissue. In studies of human myoblasts and mice, researchers investigated how extracellular vesicles guide skeletal muscle repair.
Older jellyfish medusae exhibit cell loss, heightened DNA damage, and defective wound closure that limit complex tentacle regrowth.Older jellyfish medusae exhibit cell loss, heightened DNA damage, and defective wound closure that limit complex tentacle regrowth. Researchers investigated how aging affects tissue homeostasis and regeneration in the medusa stage of the cnidarian Cladonema pacificum.
Researchers found that senescent epithelial cells secrete TGF-beta1 to reprogram fibroblasts into a matrix-remodeling state, which senolytic treatment…Researchers found that senescent epithelial cells secrete TGF-beta1 to reprogram fibroblasts into a matrix-remodeling state, which senolytic treatment can blunt. Using human prostate cancer specimens, single-cell datasets, Pten-deficient mice, and mouse cell cultures, researchers evaluated…
American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative PhysiologyAnimals·
Removing surrounding adipose tissue reduced stiffness in aged mouse aortas, pointing to fat fibrosis as a contributor to arterial stiffening.Removing surrounding adipose tissue reduced stiffness in aged mouse aortas, pointing to fat fibrosis as a contributor to arterial stiffening. In a study of young and old mice, researchers tested whether aortic perivascular adipose tissue alters arterial compliance with age.
Imperfect maintenance of developmental chromatin constraints causes age-associated DNA methylation gains predominantly at polycomb-regulated genomic…Imperfect maintenance of developmental chromatin constraints causes age-associated DNA methylation gains predominantly at polycomb-regulated genomic regions across mammalian tissues.
Targeting PPARα deficiency in cranial bone marrow monocytes improved cognitive function and reduced neurodegeneration markers in older patients with…Targeting PPARα deficiency in cranial bone marrow monocytes improved cognitive function and reduced neurodegeneration markers in older patients with chronic brain injury. Studying transgenic animals and older adult patients, researchers investigated whether cranial bone marrow immune cells…
Male mice experience greater distal axon withdrawal that can be reversed by targeting muscle niches with nerve growth factor.Male mice experience greater distal axon withdrawal that can be reversed by targeting muscle niches with nerve growth factor. In a new preprint, researchers investigated sympathetic innervation in mouse skin across aging.
The mTOR inhibitor restored macrophage efferocytosis and mitochondrial function while lowering aortic lipid burden in high-fat-fed ApoE-deficient…The mTOR inhibitor restored macrophage efferocytosis and mitochondrial function while lowering aortic lipid burden in high-fat-fed ApoE-deficient mice. In a study of ApoE-deficient mice and cultured human cells, researchers found that rapamycin alleviates ferroptotic stress and improves…
Extended larval periods lowered lifetime reproductive success in Bugula neritina but reduced the rate of actuarial senescence in the field.Extended larval periods lowered lifetime reproductive success in Bugula neritina but reduced the rate of actuarial senescence in the field. In the colonial marine bryozoan Bugula neritina, early-life stress alters how individuals age in the wild.
Lipid nanoparticle delivery of base-editing mRNA restored DNA repair and heterochromatin structure in human neuromuscular models of premature aging.Lipid nanoparticle delivery of base-editing mRNA restored DNA repair and heterochromatin structure in human neuromuscular models of premature aging. Using isogenic human pluripotent stem cell-derived neuromuscular organoids, researchers evaluated a mutation-agnostic base-editing platform…
A screen of 800 natural compounds identified a phytochemical that activates autophagy and restores cell-cycle activity in models of cellular…A screen of 800 natural compounds identified a phytochemical that activates autophagy and restores cell-cycle activity in models of cellular exhaustion. In cultured human exfoliated deciduous tooth stem cells, researchers identified the phytochemical melissic acid as a candidate to counter…
Age-related gut stiffening activates smooth muscle Piezo1, triggering calcium signaling that suppresses contractile genes and slows intestinal…Age-related gut stiffening activates smooth muscle Piezo1, triggering calcium signaling that suppresses contractile genes and slows intestinal transit. In mice, aging slows whole gut and colonic transit, increases regional stiffness, and reduces smooth muscle contractility, according to a…
