An aging measure developed in 320,891 UK Biobank participants was linked to all 20 non-cancer diseases assessed in two UK datasets.An aging measure developed in 320,891 UK Biobank participants was linked to all 20 non-cancer diseases assessed in two UK datasets. Women and men in UK Biobank—320,891 participants, with a median age of 58—and a UK primary care…
An atlas of gene activity covered 5.3 million cells from 55 rhesus macaques aged 0.5–21 years, revealing changes that varied by brain region and cell type.An atlas of gene activity covered 5.3 million cells from 55 rhesus macaques aged 0.5–21 years, revealing changes that varied by brain region and cell type.
Worm experiments showed that increasing the enzyme preserved health during aging and strengthened stress responses.Worm experiments showed that increasing the enzyme preserved health during aging and strengthened stress responses. It also reduced the age-related decline in protein breakdown by the cell’s disposal machinery.
Experiments in young and aged mice lacking a protein-cutting enzyme found less organ aging despite persistent signs of immune aging.Experiments in young and aged mice lacking a protein-cutting enzyme found less organ aging despite persistent signs of immune aging. Mice without the enzyme still showed major features of immune aging, including impaired function…
After 12 months, estimated heart age relative to actual age fell 0.73 years with semaglutide, versus no significant change after weight-loss surgery.After 12 months, estimated heart age relative to actual age fell 0.73 years with semaglutide, versus no significant change after weight-loss surgery.
Female mice with a muscle-specific gene deletion retained strength and had an 11% longer median lifespan than female controls.Female mice with a muscle-specific gene deletion retained strength and had an 11% longer median lifespan than female controls. Terf2 encodes TRF2, a protein that protects chromosome ends.
Dementia or mild cognitive impairment occurred at 3.69 versus 3.89 events per 100 person-years with intensive versus standard treatment over a median 3.8 years.Dementia or mild cognitive impairment occurred at 3.69 versus 3.89 events per 100 person-years with intensive versus standard treatment over a median 3.8 years.
Who was studied12,434 adults with type 2 diabetes, against standard blood pressure treatment
What changedDementia or mild cognitive impairment showed no clear difference with intensive versus standard blood pressure treatment (hazard ratio 0.96)
The catchMissed mild cognitive impairment at baseline could dilute the apparent treatment effect
An observational study of 208 Cuban adults aged 20–104 linked an immune cell marker to age, poorer physical function and cognitive decline.An observational study of 208 Cuban adults aged 20–104 linked an immune cell marker to age, poorer physical function and cognitive decline.
Among adults with normal standard-range hearing, average very high-frequency thresholds ranged from −12.5 to 97.5 decibels of hearing level.Among adults with normal standard-range hearing, average very high-frequency thresholds ranged from −12.5 to 97.5 decibels of hearing level.
After six months of oral exposure in male mice, their first-generation offspring developed aging-like tissue changes and had shorter lifespans.After six months of oral exposure in male mice, their first-generation offspring developed aging-like tissue changes and had shorter lifespans.
Among 14,139 people, 44 blood proteins were linked to future stroke risk, with 26 associations replicated in two independent groups.Among 14,139 people, 44 blood proteins were linked to future stroke risk, with 26 associations replicated in two independent groups. Among 14,139 people without a previous stroke, researchers combined results from two cohort…
Normally aging mice given acarbose from 4 months of age performed at young-adult levels on spatial memory tests at 12 and 24 months.Normally aging mice given acarbose from 4 months of age performed at young-adult levels on spatial memory tests at 12 and 24 months. Genetically diverse male and female mice were studied in an animal experiment comparing normal…
A 24-protein signature separated 10 younger from 10 older women; higher signature scores were linked to poorer combined grip strength and walking speed.A 24-protein signature separated 10 younger from 10 older women; higher signature scores were linked to poorer combined grip strength and walking speed.
A laboratory experiment used sperm collected from male fish at three ages to assess reproduction, finding no trade-off between early reproductive success and lifespan.A laboratory experiment used sperm collected from male fish at three ages to assess reproduction, finding no trade-off between early reproductive success and lifespan.
A commentary on macaque brain studies describes context-dependent molecular aging and links to Alzheimer’s disease.A commentary on macaque brain studies describes context-dependent molecular aging and links to Alzheimer’s disease. Macaque brains were the focus of a commentary on research mapping aging across cell types, brain regions and…
At 26 weeks, lean mass fell 6.6% with semaglutide plus placebo; adding 200 mg trevogrumab reduced that decline by 3.1 percentage points.At 26 weeks, lean mass fell 6.6% with semaglutide plus placebo; adding 200 mg trevogrumab reduced that decline by 3.1 percentage points. Adults aged 18–80 with obesity joined a two-part, phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled…
Relative risks with sustained increases versus persistently lower activity were 0.776 in the US, 0.764 in Europe and 0.725 in South Korea; below 1 means lower risk.Relative risks with sustained increases versus persistently lower activity were 0.776 in the US, 0.764 in Europe and 0.725 in South Korea; below 1 means lower risk.
Over 36 months, 46.1% of older hospital patients in the lowest phase-angle group died, compared with 25.1% in the highest group.Over 36 months, 46.1% of older hospital patients in the lowest phase-angle group died, compared with 25.1% in the highest group. The 538 hospitalized older adults in this prospective multicenter study averaged 81.2 years of age…
Some immune cells in the small intestine showed metabolic changes with aging, while those in the colon were relatively resistant to fat buildup.Some immune cells in the small intestine showed metabolic changes with aging, while those in the colon were relatively resistant to fat buildup. These cells help regulate the gut’s nerve and muscle function.
In a randomized trial, 600 hospitalized adults with swallowing difficulties received one of two care programs; most differences were no longer evident at six months.In a randomized trial, 600 hospitalized adults with swallowing difficulties received one of two care programs; most differences were no longer evident at six months.
Accepted, not yet published: randomized trial · 600 peopleInterventions
Who was studied600 hospitalized older adults with oropharyngeal dysphagia, six months
What changedQuality of life was better with enhanced swallowing care than with the minimal program at one month
The catchRecovery after hospitalization could explain improvements shared by both care programs
Experiments in human cells found that lower DNA-based age estimates did not necessarily accompany recovery of specialized identity and function.Experiments in human cells found that lower DNA-based age estimates did not necessarily accompany recovery of specialized identity and function.
Who was studiedHuman fibroblasts, T cells, and endothelial cells
What changedEndothelial cells recovered identity rapidly; fibroblast proliferation recovered incompletely, and T cells recovered only after shallow reprogramming
The catchCells’ recovery and function in their normal tissue environment were not measured
With 100 representing expected mortality based on Finns without diabetes, death ratios were 288 for diagnosis by 40 and 56 at 80 or older.With 100 representing expected mortality based on Finns without diabetes, death ratios were 288 for diagnosis by 40 and 56 at 80 or older. In Finland, 485,713 people with type 2 diabetes were included in a retrospective dynamic…
Each additional year of age was associated with 4.57 picograms per milliliter less resting plasma irisin, after accounting for body composition and physical activity.Each additional year of age was associated with 4.57 picograms per milliliter less resting plasma irisin, after accounting for body composition and physical activity.
Experiments in human natural killer cells linked age-related fat buildup to altered cell mechanics and weaker killing of target cells.Experiments in human natural killer cells linked age-related fat buildup to altered cell mechanics and weaker killing of target cells. Their membranes were more fluid, and the supporting layer beneath the membrane was less stiff.
Models estimated 2.7–3.1 overdiagnoses per prostate cancer death prevented at 72 versus 4.5–5.1 at 76 in men without other illnesses.Models estimated 2.7–3.1 overdiagnoses per prostate cancer death prevented at 72 versus 4.5–5.1 at 76 in men without other illnesses. Men screened every two years from ages 50 to 70, with no prostate cancer diagnosis by 72, were…
Five weeks after receiving T cells from young or old donors, older mice had stiffer arteries regardless of the cells’ age.Five weeks after receiving T cells from young or old donors, older mice had stiffer arteries regardless of the cells’ age. Young and old mice genetically lacking T and B cells, two types of immune cell, received T cells from young…
Later cancer-promoting mutations were linked to growth advantages up to 100-fold larger than those of early mutations in blood cell families.Later cancer-promoting mutations were linked to growth advantages up to 100-fold larger than those of early mutations in blood cell families.
Experiments in a rat model supported the bone-regenerating potential of a scaffold that generates electrical stimulation when activated by ultrasound.Experiments in a rat model supported the bone-regenerating potential of a scaffold that generates electrical stimulation when activated by ultrasound.
An observational study enrolled 236 patients in cancer-related heart care, including 88 taking immune checkpoint inhibitors, and identified an inflammation-linked…An observational study enrolled 236 patients in cancer-related heart care, including 88 taking immune checkpoint inhibitors, and identified an inflammation-linked signaling pathway.
In experiments with Caenorhabditis elegans worms, an image-based clock predicted age from changes in two structures within reproductive cells.In experiments with Caenorhabditis elegans worms, an image-based clock predicted age from changes in two structures within reproductive cells.
A three-stage comparison found molecular signs of altered fat handling, while a five-week feeding experiment supported the hypothesis that dietary spermidine may counter…A three-stage comparison found molecular signs of altered fat handling, while a five-week feeding experiment supported the hypothesis that dietary spermidine may counter these aging-related changes.
Nonfatal heart attacks and strokes plus cardiovascular deaths totaled 683 with oral semaglutide versus 791 with placebo over a median 49.5 months.Nonfatal heart attacks and strokes plus cardiovascular deaths totaled 683 with oral semaglutide versus 791 with placebo over a median 49.5 months.
After statistical adjustment, kidney injury rates were 10.5 versus 15.6 per 100,000 days of patient follow-up for two diabetes drug classes over 90 days.After statistical adjustment, kidney injury rates were 10.5 versus 15.6 per 100,000 days of patient follow-up for two diabetes drug classes over 90 days.
